• Menya byinshi kuri Virusi itera SIDA imaze imyaka 40 ivumbuwe

Hashize imyaka 42 Virusi itera SIDA(VIH/SIDA) ivumbuwe n’itsinda ry’abashakashatsi b’Abafaransa ari bo Françoise Barré-Sinoussi, Jean-Claude Chermann na Luc Montagnier, bo mu Kigo cyitwa Institut Pasteur.

Nyuma yo kuvumbura iyo virusi itera SIDA, banatangije urugamba rwo kuyirwanya. Ubu imaze guhitana ubuzima bw’abantu basaga Miliyoni 40 hirya no hino ku Isi. Virusi itera SIDA yatangajwe bwa mbere ku itariki 20 Gicurasi 1983.

Uhereye ubwo, habayeho ubushakashatsi butandukanye kuri iyo virusi, ifatwa nk’ituma umubiri utakaza ubudahangarwa. Virusi itera SIDA, bivugwa ko ica umubiri intege ikawambura ubudahangarwa maze igatuma umuntu arwara. Iyo itavuwe hakiri kare, Virusi itera SIDA itera indwara zitandukanye bikarangwa no gucika intege k’umubiri ku buryo utakibasha guhangana n’indwara, ari nabwo bivugwa ko umuntu arwaye SIDA.

Kugeza ubu mu 2023, nta muti cyangwa se urukingo rwa SIDA ruraboneka, ariko mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe mu myaka itandukanye, bwageze ku miti igabanya ubukana. Ubwo bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko imiti igabanya ubukana bwa Virusi itera SIDA ishobora gutuma umuntu abaho igihe kirekire kingana n’icyo abantu batayirwaye bashobora kubaho, nk’uko bisobanurwa na Dr Rwibasira Gallican, Umuyobozi w’Ishami rishinzwe kurwanya SIDA mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ubuzima (RBC).

Dr. Basile Ikuzo avuga ko kugeza ubu, mu Rwanda hari abantu bafite virusi itera SIDA hafi 230.000, muri abo, 97% bakaba bafata imiti igabanya ubukana bwa virusi itera SIDA.

Yasobanuye ko umuntu ufite virusi itera SIDA ufata imiti neza uko bikwiye, atanduza abandi cyane. Yagize ati “Iyo umuntu afata imiti neza ibaganya ubukana bwa virusi itera Sida, ingano n’iyo virusi mu maraso iragabanuka , ntikomeze kororoka, hari n’aho bigera ibyago byo kwanduza abandi bikaba biri hafi ya zeru. Ni yo mpamvu hari imiryango ibana, umwe mu bashakanye afite virusi itera Sida undi atayifite”.

Iyo miti kandi Dr. Ikuzo avuga ko ari yo ifasha umubyeyi utwite afite virusi itera Sida kuba atakwanduza umwana we.

Yagize ati,” Ubundi umugore utwite ufite virusi aba ashobora kwanduza umwana we, igihe amutwite, mu cyo kubyara cyangwa se mu gihe amwonsa. Iyo umubyeyi ufite virusi itera Sida afata imiti neza, bimuha amahirwe yo kuba atakwanduza umwana we. Ni yo dushishikariza abagore bose batwite kujya kwipimisha nibura inshuro eshatu, igihe batwite, ndetse no kubyarira kwa muganga, kuko igihe umubyeyi aje kwipisha nyuma yo gusama inda, hari imiti ahabwa, no mu gihembwa cya nyuma cy’inda ndetse n’igihe aje kubyara, hari umuti ahabwa hagamijwe kurinda umwana kuba yakwandura mu gihe cyo kuvuka”.

Ikindi Dr. Ikuzo avuga cyagezweho mu rwego rw’ubushakashatsi ku bijyanye na Virusi itera Sida, ni uko ubu umuntu ufata imiti igabanya ubukana bw’iyo virusi, anywa ikinini kimwe gusa ku munsi, mu gihe mbere byasabaga kunywa ibinini byinshi. Imiti ihari ubu, ngo nta ngaruka z’imiti (effets secondaires) itera, mu gihe mbere, umuntu yashoboraga kubona umuntu ufata iyo miti akamumenya.

Hari kandi imiti y’ibinini umuntu anywa mu rwego rwo kwirinda virusi itera Sida, igihe yahuye akeka ko hari aho yahuriye n’ibishobora kuyimuzanira, nko kuba yafashwe ku ngufu n’ibindi. Iyo miti ifatwa mbere mu rwego rwo kwirinda, hari iyamaze kwemezwa n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS), kuba yafatwa mu buryo bw’urushinge mu minsi 28, aho kuba ibinini, gusa iyo ifatwa mu buryo bw’inshinge ntiratangira gutangwa mu Rwanda, nk’uko Dr Rwibasira yabivuze, yemeza ko ishobora kuzaza mu gihe kidatinze.

Kubera ingamba zitandukanye Leta y’u Rwanda yashyize muri gahunda zo kurwanya Sida, imfu ziterwa na Sida, ngo zagabanutse ku kigero cya 82% uhereye mu mwaka wa 2010, ku buryo ubu ngo yica abagera ku 3000 buri mwaka, nk’uko byamezwa na Dr Rwibasira, uvuga ko uwo mubare atari munini ugereranyijwe n’abicwa n’izindi ndwara mu Rwanda, bivuze ko umusaruro wavuye muri izo ngamba za Leta zo kurwanya SIDA.

Nubwo umubare w’abicwa na Sida mu Rwanda wagabanutse, ariko ntibivuze ko icyo cyorezo kidahari, iyo ngo akaba ari yo mpamvu y’ubukangurambaga bumaze iminsi bukorwa na RBC, hagamijwe kwigisha cyane cyane urubyiruko ububi bwa Sida, kuko abenshi batayizi nk’uko Dr Rwibasira abivuga, ubabwiye ko Sida ari indwara mbi, ngo baba bumva ababeshya, kuko kuri bo indwara mbi ari Kanseri na Diyabete gusa.

Ibivugwa ko haba hari abantu badindiza ibijyanye no kuboneka kw’imiti n’inkingo bya Sida kubera inyungu runaka babifitemo, Dr Rwibasira avuga ko ibyo atari ibyo, ababivuga baba bavuga gusa (Speculations).

Yagize ati “Si uko hari ababa bari inyuma yo gutuma inkingo cyangwa imiti ya Sida bitaboneka, ahubwo ukuntu Virusi itera Sida imeze, irihinduranya cyane ku buryo kuyibonera urukingo bikigoye, ariko hari ubushakashatsi burimo gukorwa ku buryo bitanga icyizere kandi n’ikoranabuhanga rikomeza kwiyengera”.

Dr. Ikuzo yasoje avuga ko nubwo nta muti cyangwa urukingo rwa SIDA ruraboneka kugeza ubu, ariko icyiza gihari, ari uko imiti igabanya ubukana ihari kandi myiza, ikaba ifasha umuntu kuramba, kandi itangwa ku buntu ku bitaro n’amavuriro yose ya Leta yose ndetse hari n’amavuriro amwe yigenga atanga iyo miti kandi nabwo ku buntu.

Guhera mu 1988, tariki 1 Ukuboza buri mwaka, Isi yose yizihiza umunsi mpuzamahanga wahariwe kurwanya Sida, abenshi bakawizihiza bambara akamenyetso gatukura ku myenda yabo, nk’ikimenyetso cy’uko bifatanyije n’abantu basaga Miliyoni 42 bari bafite virusi itera Sida hirya no hino ku Isi mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2023, nk’uko bitangazwa na OMS, ariko banazirikana ubuzima bw’abasaga Miliyoni 50 bamaze kwicwa nayo ku Isi.

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