Yanditswe na: NSENGIYUMVA J Damascene
03/11/2026 18:25
U Rwanda rwatangije igerageza ry'umuti mushya witwa MMV371, uterwa mu rushinge ukaba ugamije kurinda umuntu kwandura Malaria mu gihe kigera ku mezi atatu, mu gihe ubushakashatsi bukomeje kureba umutekano n'ubushobozi bwawo.
Uyu muti uri gutezwa imbere n'umuryango Medicines for Malaria
Venture (MMV), ku bufatanye n'ikigo nyarwanda cy'ubushakashatsi mu by'ubuzima,
Rinda Ubuzima.
Ku wa 2 Ugushyingo 2026, izi nzego zatangaje ko zatangiye
igerageza ry'uyu muti mu cyiciro cya mbere (Phase 1b), rikaba ari irya mbere
muri Afurika ryo muri iki cyiciro rikorerwa umuti uterwa ugamije kurinda
Malaria igihe kirekire.
Iri gerageza rikurikiye ubushakashatsi bwabanje gukorerwa mu
Bwongereza, bwatanze amakuru y'ibanze ku mutekano w'uyu muti n'uburyo ukora mu
mubiri.
Ubushakashatsi buzibanda cyane ku kureba niba uyu muti ufite
umutekano, ingaruka ushobora kugira ku bawuhawe ndetse n'igihe ushobora kumara
mu mubiri. Icyakora, kurinda umuntu Malaria mu gihe cy'amezi atatu biracyari
intego abawukora bifuza kugeraho, kuko ubushobozi bwawo butaragenzurwa burundu.
Gahunda y'iri gerageza iteganya kwitabirwa n'abantu 80 bafite
imyaka iri hagati ya 12 na 50, bakazakurikiranywa n'abashakashatsi ba Rinda
Ubuzima i Kigali.
Abitabira bazabanza gusobanurirwa iby'ubushakashatsi no kubutanga
ho uruhushya. Ku bana batarageza imyaka y'ubukure, hazakenerwa uruhushya rw'ababyeyi
cyangwa ababashinzwe. Abagore batwite n'abonsa ntibazemererwa kwitabira.
Mu bazitabira, 75% bazahabwa umuti wa MMV371, mu gihe abandi 25%
bazahabwa urushinge rutariho umuti, ruzwi nka placebo. Abitabiriye
ubushakashatsi n'ababukurikirana ntibazamenya abahawe umuti n'abahawe urushinge
rutawurimo kugeza ubushakashatsi burangiye.
Abazaterwa uyu muti bazakurikiranwa mu gihe cy'ibyumweru 24.
Bazajya barara ku kigo cy'ubushakashatsi amajoro abiri, banagisubiremo inshuro
15 kugira ngo hakorwe ibizamini by'umutekano, ingano y'umuti isigara mu mubiri
ndetse no kureba niba hari uwanduye Malaria.
MMV371 ikora ku buryo umuntu ayiterwa, hanyuma ikagenda irekura
umuti buhoro buhoro mu mubiri. Iyo igeze mu mubiri, ihindukamo ikinyabutabire
cyitwa atovaquone, gisanzwe kiboneka mu muti wa Malarone ukoreshwa mu kwirinda
Malaria.
Agashya kari mu buryo uyu muti uhabwamo umuntu, kuko
abashakashatsi bashaka ko uko irekurwa buhoro buhoro byatuma umubiri ugumana
ubwirinzi igihe kirekire, bikagabanya inshuro umuntu akenera gufata imiti yo
kwirinda Malaria.
Umuyobozi Mukuru wa Rinda Ubuzima, Marie Michele Umulisa, yavuze
ko kuba iri gerageza rikorewe mu Rwanda bigaragaza akamaro k'ubufatanye mu
bushakashatsi, ndetse no guha abashakashatsi bo muri Afurika uruhare mu gushaka
ibisubizo by'ibibazo by'ubuzima byugarije abaturage.
Imibare igaragaza ko mu mwaka wa 2025/2026, ubwandu bwa Malaria mu
Rwanda bwari ku kigero cya 72 ku bantu 1.000, buvuye kuri 76 mu mwaka wari
wabanje. Nubwo bwagabanutse, buracyari hejuru y'ubwandu 45 ku bantu 1.000 bwari
bwabaruwe mu 2023/2024.
Dr Joyce Eugénie, umuganga ukorera ku Kigo Nderabuzima cya
Gatenga, yavuze ko uyu muti ushobora kuzafasha cyane abantu batuye kure y'ibigo
nderabuzima, igihe ubushakashatsi buzaba bwemeje ko ufite umutekano kandi ukaba
wagejejwe ku bawukeneye.
Yagaragaje ko hari abarwayi batinda kugera kwa muganga kubera
intera ndende n'izindi nzitizi bahura na zo, bigatuma bamwe bifashisha ubundi
buryo bwo kwivura. Yatanze urugero rw'umwana w'imyaka 14 wagejejwe kwa muganga
arwaye Malaria ikomeye, nyuma y'uko umuryango we ubanje kumuvurisha mu buryo
gakondo.
Ku bijyanye n'ikiguzi cy'uyu muti, ntikiramenyekana. Dr Cristina
Donini, ushinzwe ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'imiti muri MMV, yabwiye
ikinyamakuru The Telegraph ko ubushobozi bw'abazawukenera bwo kuwugura buri mu
bintu byitabwaho mu gihe uyu muti ugitegurwa.
Nubwo iri gerageza ari intambwe mu bushakashatsi ku miti mishya yo
kwirinda Malaria, MMV371 ntiraba umuti wemejwe gukoreshwa n'abaturage.
Haracyakenewe ubushakashatsi bwinshi kugira ngo hamenyekane neza umutekano wawo
n'ubushobozi bwo kurinda Malaria mu gihe giteganyijwe.
