• Amakuru / AMAKURU-YO-HANZE

Kuri uyu wa Gatatu, Kapiteni Ibrahim Traoré azaba amaze imyaka ine ayoboye Burkina Faso, igihe kingana neza n’imyaka Thomas Sankara yamaze ku butegetsi. Sankara ni umwe mu bantu b’ingenzi bagize amateka y’impinduramatwara muri Afurika, kandi Traoré ntiyihisha mu kuvuga ko afata umurage we nk’ishingiro ry’ibitekerezo bye.

Gusa, mu gihe Sankara yayoboye impinduramatwara ishingiye ku gukoresha make, guteza imbere imibereho y’abaturage no gushimangira ubwigenge bw’igihugu, Traoré ayoboye Burkina Faso mu bihe birangwa n’intambara ndetse n’uruhare rukomeye rw’abasirikare mu miyoborere y’igihugu.

Traoré akunze kuvuga ko Burkina Faso igomba gukomeza guharanira impinduka no kwiyubaka. Yagiye ashimangira ko umurage wa Sankara ugomba gukomeza kuba isoko y’ishyaka ryo kubaka igihugu, amwita “intwari y’igihugu” ndetse akamufata nk’“indangagaciro imwereka icyerekezo.”

Ibrahim Traoré na Thomas Sankara bafite ibintu bitandukanye bahuriyeho. Bombi bari abasirikare bato bafite ipeti rya kapiteni igihe bafataga ubutegetsi binyuze muri coup d’État.

Bombi kandi bashimangira ibitekerezo bya Pan-Africanism, ubusugire bw’igihugu, kwigira mu bukungu ndetse no kugabanya ubwisanzure ibihugu by’Afurika bifite ku bihugu bikomeye byo hanze.

Nyamara, nubwo ibyo bitekerezo bibahuza, ibihe buri umwe yayoboyemo igihugu biratandukanye cyane.

Thomas Sankara yafashe ubutegetsi muri Kanama 1983 afite imyaka 33. Yari umuyobozi w’impinduramatwara wari ushingiye ku bitekerezo bya Marxism-Leninism, maze atangiza icyo yise “impinduramatwara ya demokarasi n’abaturage,” yari igamije kurwanya imperialism, guteza imbere kwigira no gushimangira ubusugire bw’igihugu.

Nyuma yaje kumenyekana nka “Che Guevara w’Afurika” kubera ibitekerezo bye n’uburyo yayoboraga.

Mu gihe cye, Sankara yakoze amavugurura menshi. Yashatse kugabanya amafaranga Leta yakoreshaga, ateza imbere ibikorwa remezo byo mu cyaro, ashyigikira ko abaturage benshi babona amashuri, aharanira uburenganzira bw’abagore ndetse anashishikariza Abanyaburkina gukoresha ibicuruzwa bikorerwa mu gihugu.

Ariko impinduramatwara ye yarangiye mu buryo butunguranye. Mu Ukwakira 1987, Sankara yishwe muri coup d’État nshya.

Nyuma y’imyaka hafi 40, Ibrahim Traoré, ubu ufite imyaka 38, avuga ko ashaka gukomeza icyerekezo cyo guhindura igihugu no kugiteza imbere.

Guverinoma ye yashyize imbere cyane gukoresha umutungo kamere w’igihugu, kongera umusaruro w’inganda no guteza imbere ibikorwa by’ubukungu bikorerwa imbere mu gihugu. Muri ibyo harimo guteza imbere ubuhinzi n’inganda zitunganya umusaruro wa pamba, inyanya n’imyenda.

Leta kandi yatangije gahunda yiswe Faso Mebo, igamije guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo n’imijyi, aho abaturage bashishikarizwa kugira uruhare mu kubaka no gutunganya imihanda hakoreshejwe ibikoresho biboneka imbere mu gihugu.

Umwarimu akaba n’umushakashatsi Moussa Koné avuga ko nubwo Sankara na Traoré bahuriye ku bitekerezo bimwe, uburyo buri umwe akoresha ubutegetsi butandukanye bitewe n’ibihe igihugu kirimo.

Sankara yayoboye mu bihe by’ubukungu bushingiye ku gukoresha make ndetse n’umutungo muke, bityo imiyoborere ye ikaba yaribandaga ku gukoresha neza umutungo muke wari uhari. Traoré we ayoboye igihugu kiri mu ntambara, kandi gifite amafaranga ava mu bikorwa birimo ubucukuzi bwa zahabu n’imisoro.

Politiki y’ubukungu ya Ibrahim Traoré iri mu ngingo zikomeye guverinoma ye yibandaho mu itangazamakuru no mu butumwa igenera abaturage. Ibi byagize uruhare mu ishusho y’ubuyobozi bwe mu baturage bamwe bo muri Burkina Faso no mu bindi bihugu bya Afurika.

Gusa, kugeza ubu biracyagoye gusuzuma mu buryo bwuzuye umusaruro w’izo gahunda zose. Imishinga itandukanye yatangijwe mu nzego zitandukanye, ariko imwe muri yo iracyakeneye igihe kugira ngo umusaruro wayo ugaragare neza.

Urugero ni umushinga wo kubaka umuhanda wa kaburimbo wihuta uhuza Ouagadougou na Bobo-Dioulasso, imijyi ibiri ikomeye muri Burkina Faso. Uyu mushinga uracyari mu byiciro by’ibanze.

Mu gihe cya Sankara, hari ibikorwa byagaragazaga umusaruro mu gihe gito, cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’imiturire. Guverinoma ye yari yaratangije gahunda zo kubaka amazu yari agamije gufasha abaturage kubona amacumbi meza kandi akwiye.

Mu rwego rw’umuco, Traoré yongeye gushyira imbere Faso Dan Fani, umwenda gakondo wo muri Burkina Faso ukorwa mu ipamba.

Gukoresha uyu mwenda byashishikarijwe cyane cyane mu nzego za Leta no mu mashuri. Ibi byongeye kwibutsa Abanyaburkina imwe mu ngamba z’ingenzi zari zarashyizwe imbere mu gihe cya Sankara, aho yashishikarizaga abaturage gukoresha ibikorerwa mu gihugu.

Itandukaniro rikomeye hagati y’ibihe bya Sankara na Traoré rigaragara cyane mu kibazo cy’umutekano.

Burkina Faso iyobowe na Traoré imaze imyaka ihanganye n’ibitero by’imitwe y’abajihadiste, cyane cyane mu majyaruguru no mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu.

Hari uduce tumwe na tumwe tw’igihugu usanga kugerwamo bigoye, ndetse hamwe hakaba haragiye hagaragara ibihe abaturage bagorwa no kubona serivisi n’ibicuruzwa kubera ibibazo by’umutekano.

Guverinoma yakoresheje abasivili bitabira ibikorwa byo gufasha ingabo mu kurinda igihugu, mu gihe ingabo na zo zongerewe ibikoresho n’ubushobozi.

Moussa Koné avuga ko ingabo za Burkina Faso ubu zifite ibikoresho byinshi kurusha mbere, harimo n’ibimwe bikorerwa imbere mu gihugu, nk’imodoka nto z’intambara zirinda abasirikare.

Ariko kuba hari uturere two mu majyaruguru bikigorana kugeramo ni itandukaniro rikomeye ugereranyije n’igihe cya Sankara. Mu gihe cye, guhuza uduce tw’igihugu no guteza imbere ibikorwa remezo byari mu byihutirwa, harimo n’umushinga wa gari ya moshi.

Ubutegetsi bwa Sankara n’ubwa Traoré nabwo bufite aho buhuriye mu bijyanye n’uko ubutegetsi bwibanda cyane ku rwego rwo hejuru.

Mu gihe cya Sankara, amashyaka ya politiki yarasheshwe, kandi bamwe mu batavugaga rumwe n’impinduramatwara bafatwaga nk’abanzi b’impinduramatwara cyangwa igihugu.

Traoré na we ayoboye mu buryo bukomeye, ariko imvugo y’ubutegetsi bwe ku bijyanye na demokarasi itandukanye n’iya Sankara. Sankara yashimangiraga ko umushinga we ari “impinduramatwara ya demokarasi n’abaturage,” mu gihe Traoré yavuze ku mugaragaro ko Burkina Faso atari demokarasi.

Ubutegetsi bwa Sankara na bwo bwakoresheje ingamba zikomeye zo guhangana n’abarwanyaga impinduramatwara, harimo guhindura abayobozi mu gisirikare, inkiko zidasanzwe no gukurikirana abantu bafatwaga nk’abarwanya impinduramatwara.

Ku butegetsi bwa Traoré, abamunenga bavuga ko ingamba zo gukandamiza abatavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi zarushijeho gukomera. Bavuga ko abanyamakuru, abacamanza ndetse n’abagize sosiyete sivile bamwe bagiye bafatwa cyangwa bagoherezwa ku rugamba mu rwego rwo gushyigikira ibikorwa byo kurwanya imitwe yitwaje intwaro.

Traoré na we yagiye ashimangira ko igihugu gikeneye gahunda n’imyitwarire ikomeye kugira ngo gishobore guhangana n’ibibazo gifite.

Umusesenguzi wa politiki Yaya Touré we avuga ko uburyo bwo gukoresha ingufu mu gucunga impinduramatwara bukwiye kwitabwaho, ashingiye ku gitekerezo cy’uko impinduramatwara ikwiye mbere na mbere gusubiza ibyifuzo by’abaturage no kubahiriza uburenganzira bwabo bw’ibanze.

Mu rwego rwa dipolomasi, Sankara na Traoré bahurira ku ntego yo kongera ubusugire bwa Burkina Faso no kugabanya ibyo igihugu gishingiraho ku bihugu bikomeye by’amahanga.

Mu gihe cy’Intambara y’Ubutita, Sankara yashyigikiraga kutabogama no gukomeza ubufatanye hagati y’ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere.

Yamaganye ubukoloni bushya kandi asaba ibihugu bya Afurika kongera ubushobozi bwabyo mu bya politiki n’ubukungu.

Traoré na we yongeye gukoresha imvugo ishingiye ku busugire bw’igihugu. Afatanyije na Mali na Niger, yagize uruhare mu ishyirwaho ry’ubufatanye bushya bw’ibihugu byo muri Afurika y’Iburengerazuba bizwi nka Alliance des États du Sahel (AES).

Guverinoma ye kandi yagabanyije umubano wa gisirikare na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika n’ibihugu bimwe by’i Burayi, cyane cyane u Bufaransa, mu gihe yashatse abandi bafatanyabikorwa mpuzamahanga, harimo no kongera umubano na Russie.

Ibrahim Traoré agaragaza ku mugaragaro ko afata Thomas Sankara nk’umwe mu bantu bamwereka icyerekezo mu miyoborere ye.

Abayobozi bombi bahuzwa cyane n’ibitekerezo byo kurengera ubusugire bw’igihugu, Pan-Africanism, kwigira mu bukungu no kugabanya ubukoloni bushya.

Ariko ibihe buri umwe yayoboye Burkina Faso biratandukanye cyane.

Sankara yayoboye impinduramatwara ishingiye ku gucunga neza umutungo muke wari uhari, guteza imbere imibereho y’abaturage no kubaka igihugu gishingiye ku

 

 

 

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