Yanditswe na: NDAYISENGA Clement
10/11/2026 07:19
Abahanga mu by’ikirere baravuga ko umwaka wa 2026 ushobora kurangira ari wo ushyushye kurusha indi yose yigeze kubaho kuva ibipimo by’ubushyuhe bw’isi bitangira gukorwa. Ibi babishingira ku kwiyongera kw’ubushyuhe buterwa n’imihindagurikire y’ikirere, by’umwihariko ingaruka z’ikirere kizwi nka El Niño.
Iri shusho ry’ubushyuhe bukabije ryagarutsweho mu gihe abayobozi b’ibihugu, abahanga n’abahagarariye imiryango mpuzamahanga bahuriye mu mujyi wa Antalya muri Turukiya, mu nama ya 31 y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yiga ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere (COP31), yatangiye ku wa 9 Ugushyingo 2026.
Ikigo cy’Abanyamerika gikora ubushakashatsi ku bushyuhe bw’isi, Berkeley Earth, cyatangaje ko gifite amahirwe agera kuri 96% ko umwaka wa 2026 uzaba ari wo ushyushye kurusha iyindi yose kuva mu 1850, igihe hatangiriye gukorwa ibipimo byizewe by’ubushyuhe bw’isi.
Iki kigo gisobanura ko izamuka ry’ubushyuhe rikomeje guterwa ahanini n’imyuka ihumanya ikirere, ndetse n’ingaruka za El Niño iri kwiyongera.
Nubwo bimeze bityo ariko, Ikigo cy’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi gikurikirana imihindagurikire y’ikirere, Copernicus, cyo kivuga ko 2026 ishobora kuba umwaka wa kabiri ushyushye kurusha iyindi yose, inyuma ya 2024. Gishingiye ku mibare yacyo, kivuga ko hari amahirwe agera kuri 20% yo kuba 2026 yarenga cyangwa ikangana n'ubushyuhe bwagezweho mu 2024.
Ukwakira 2026 kwaciye agahigo k'ubushyuhe
Raporo ya Copernicus yashyizwe ahagaragara ku wa 5 Ugushyingo 2026 igaragaza ko Ukwakira 2026 kwabaye ukwezi kwa Ukwakira gushyuha kurusha andi yose kuva hatangira gukorwa ibipimo.
Muri uko kwezi, impuzandengo y'ubushyuhe ku isi yageze kuri dogere Celsius 15,35, irenga ho dogere 0,90 ubushyuhe busanzwe bw'icyo gihe bwari bupimwe hagati ya 1991 na 2020.
Iyi raporo kandi igaragaza ko ubushyuhe bwo muri uko kwezi bwarenzeho dogere Celsius 1,75 ugereranyije n'ubwari busanzweho mbere y'uko inganda zitangira guteza imyuka myinshi ihumanya ikirere.
Ni ukwezi kwa gatatu gukurikiranye ubushyuhe bw'isi burenga urwego rwa dogere Celsius 1,5 ugereranyije n'urwego rw'ubushyuhe rwariho mbere y'iterambere ry'inganda.
El Niño iri kongera ubushyuhe ku isi
Imwe mu mpamvu zikomeye zigarukwaho n'abahanga ni El Niño, imiterere y'ikirere ituma amazi yo mu gice cyo hagati n'iburasirazuba bw'inyanja ya Pasifika ashyuha kurusha ibisanzwe, bikagira ingaruka ku miterere y'ikirere mu bice bitandukanye by'isi.
Ishami ry'Umuryango w'Abibumbye ryita ku bumenyi bw'ikirere (WMO) rivuga ko El Niño iri kwiyongera ku buryo budasanzwe, bikaba biteganyijwe ko izagera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu Kuboza 2026, igakomeza kugira ingaruka no mu ntangiriro za 2027.
Ibi bishobora kongera ibyago by'ubushyuhe bukabije, amapfa, imvura nyinshi n'imyuzure mu bice bitandukanye by'isi.
WMO ivuga ko El Niño ishobora kongera impuzandengo y'ubushyuhe ku isi ku rugero rwa dogere Celsius 0,1 kugeza kuri 0,2, ikongerera imbaraga ubushyuhe busanzwe bwiyongera bitewe n'imyuka ihumanya ikirere.
Imihindagurikire y'ikirere ikomeje kugira ingaruka ku buzima n'ubukungu
Raporo ya WMO yashyizwe ahagaragara ku wa 9 Ugushyingo 2026 igaragaza ko imyaka 12 ishize, kuva mu 2015 kugeza mu 2026, iri mu nzira yo kuba imyaka 12 yashyushye kurusha indi yose yigeze kwandikwa.
Igaragaza kandi ko ubushyuhe bw'inyanja n'ubw'amazi yo mu nyanja bukomeje kwiyongera, mu gihe urugero rw'amazi yo mu nyanja ku isi rwageze ku rwego rwo hejuru kurusha urundi rwose rwigeze gupimwa hakoreshejwe ibyuma by'ubushakashatsi byashyizwe mu kirere mu 1993.
Ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka ku baturage batuye mu bice byo ku nkombe z'inyanja, ubuhinzi, ibinyabuzima, ubukungu n'umutekano w'ibiribwa.
Abahanga basobanura ko imwe mu mpamvu z'ingenzi zituma ubushyuhe bw'isi bukomeza kuzamuka ari ukwiyongera kwa gaze ya karuboni (CO?) mu kirere. Iyi myuka iterwa ahanini no gukoresha ibikomoka kuri peteroli, amakara na gaze mu nganda, ingufu no gutwara abantu n'ibintu, ndetse no gutema amashyamba.
Isi irasabwa kongera ingamba zo guhangana n'ihindagurika ry'ikirere
Iyi mibare ishimangira ko ibihugu bikwiye kongera ingamba zo kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere, guteza imbere ingufu zisubira, kurengera amashyamba no gufasha abaturage guhangana n'ingaruka z'imihindagurikire y'ikirere.
Abitabiriye COP31 barasuzuma kandi ingamba ibihugu bikwiye gushyira mu bikorwa kugira ngo bigabanye ibyago biterwa n'ubushyuhe bukabije, amapfa, imyuzure n'ibindi biza bifitanye isano n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere.
Nubwo hari ibigo by'ubushakashatsi bitandukanye bidahuriza ku kuba 2026 izaba umwaka ushyushye kurusha iyindi yose, byose byemeza ko isi ikomeje guhura n'ubushyuhe budasanzwe kandi ko ingaruka zabwo zishobora gukomeza kugaragara no mu mwaka wa 2027.
Like This Post? Related Posts
