• Amakuru / MU-RWANDA

 

Guhera mu ntangiriro y’ukwezi kwa Gicurasi 1994, uko FPR-Inkotanyi yagendaga itsinda urugamba ari nako ihagarika Jenoside mu bice yabaga imaze kwigarurira, Guverinoma y’abajenosideri yashyize imbaraga mu kwihutsiha ikorwa rya Jenoside.

 Guverinoma ya Kambanda yabishyizemo umurego udasanzwe guhera tariki ya 3 Gicurasi 1994 ubwo Minisitiri w’Intebe Kambanda n’abaminisitiri batatu bakomokaga ku Kibuye: Edouard Karemera, Eliezer Niyitegeka na Emmanuel Ndindabahizi bakoreye uruzinduko ku Kibuye, baherekejwe n’abayobozi b’andi mashyaka ya Hutu Power, bagakorerayo inama ikomeye yahuje abayobozi bose b’inzego z’imirimo ya Leta muri Kibuye, abacuruzi bakuru, abahagarariye abikorera, abahagarariye amadini, hagafatwa ingamba zo kwihutisha irimburwa ry’Abatutsi aho bari bataricwa hose. Inzego zose zahuriye ku Kibuye kuri iyo tariki ziyemeje kubigiramo uruhare. Iminsi yakurikiye iyo nama yo ku wa 3 Gicurasi 1994 yabaye rurangiza.


1. RTLM yatangaje ko iyicwa ry’Abatutsi basigaye rigomba kwihutishwa

Tariki 5 Gicurasi 1994, Radio RTLM yanyujijeho ubutumwa n’ibiganiro byinshi bikangurira abategetsi bose ba Hutu Power baba aba politiki, aba gisilikare na jandarumori, Interahamwe n’Impuzamugambi gushyira imbaraga mu kwica Abatutsi ahantu hose bari batarabamaraho. Ubwo butumwa bwakurikirwaga n’indirimbo za Simon Bikindi zigenewe gushyushya imitwe y’abicanyi. Abanyamakuru ba RTLM kandi bashyiragamo ubutumwa bavuga ko buvuye hirya no hino mu gihugu bishimira ko bishe abo bitaga ibyitso by’umwanzi ni ukuvuga Abatutsi. 

Abanyamakuru babishyushyemo cyane ni Noheli Hitimana, Habimana Kantano, Valeriya Bemeriki na Gaspard Gahigi mu rurimi rw’ikinyarwanda. Mu rurimi rw’igifransa, abanyamakuru ba RTLM bahamagariye kwihutisha iyicwa ry’abatutsi ni Emmanuel Nkomati, Philippe Mbirizi, Joel Hakizimana na Georges Ruggiu. 

RTLM yunganiwe na Radio Rwanda mu biganiro byayobowe na Jean Baptiste Bamwanga no mu butumwa butandukanye bwatanzwe n’abanyamakuru b’intagondwa ba Radio Rwanda barimo Froduald Ntawulikura, Augustin Hatari, Phocas Fashaho, Robert Simba n’abandi.

Kuri uwo munsi, Umuryango Mpuzamahanga urengera uburenganzira bwa muntu, Human Rights Watch, wasohoye itangazo ryamagana ibiganiro RTLM yahitishaga kuri Radiyo bihamagarira kwihutisha iyicwa ry’Abatutsi hirya no hino mu gihugu.

2. Umukuru w’Ikigo cy’Ababikira i Sovu, Soeur Gertrude Mukangango, yicishije Abatutsi ba nyuma bari barokotse ubwicanyi bwo ku wa 22 na 25 Mata 1994 muri Monastere y’I Sovu.

Monastere y’ababikira bo mu Muryango w’Ababenedigitini iherereye mu Karere ka Huye, Sovu. Guhera tariki ya 17 mata 1994, hahungiye abatutsi barenga 10.000 bihisha mu mazu atandukanye y’icyo kigo cy’ababikira, harimo no mu ivuriro, bicwa mu byiciro bitandukanye. 

Guhera ku itariki 22 Mata 1994, impunzi z’Abatutsi zatewe mu bitero bitatu. Interahamwe zabanje gutera ku kigo nderabuzima, impunzi zari zihari zihungira mu igaraje yacyo. Interahamwe zafashe icyemezo cyo kubatwikiramo ari bazima. Soeur Gertrude (Consolata Mukangango) wari ufite imyaka 42 muri 1994 na Soeur Kizito (Julienne Mukabutera) wari ufite imyaka 36 muri Jenoside, bazanye utujerikani tubiri twa Lisansi. Soeur Kizito yamennye lisansi hasi imbere y’igaraji ahita atwika. Uwo munsi hapfuye abantu bagera kuri 7000. Soeur Kizito yari afite lisiti banditseho akurikizaho kugenzura ko bose bapfuye. 

Ku itariki 25 Mata 1994, umuyobozi w’Interahamwe z’I Sovu, Emmanuel Rekeraho, uwari umwungirije Gaspard Rusanganwa alias Nyiramatwi n’izindi nterahamwe, bagarutse kuri Monastere kwica Abatutsi bahasigaye bari bihishe imbere mu kigo cya Monastere. Soeur Gertrude na Soeur Kizito baganiriye na Rekeraho bamubwira ko abakiza izo mpunzi kuko ngo nta biribwa bagifite byo kubaha. Impunzi zaringinze ariko Soeur Gertrude atanga itegeko ryo kubica. Uwo munsi Interahamwe zishe abantu babarirwa mu 1000. Hasigaye gusa abagera kuri 30 bo mu miryango y’ababikira b’Abatutsikazi bo muri Monastere. Soeur Gertrude yashyizeho igitsure cyinshi bagenzi be b’ababikira abategeka kwirukana abantu babo, ababwira ko niba batabikoze batyo, bose bari bwicwe kandi n’ababikira b’Abatutsikazi bakicanwa nabo, abo Babikira barabyanze. 

Ku itariki 5 Gicurasi 1994, Soeur Gertrude yandikiye Burugumesitiri wa Komini Huye, Jonathan RUREMESHA, ibaruwa imusaba kuza kwirukana abo bantu, iteye itya : 

Impamvu : kwitabaza ubutegetsi

Bwana Burugumesitiri wa Komini Huye, BUTARE

Bwana Burugumesitiri,

Muri ibi byumweru bishize, hari abantu bagiye baza muri Monastere y’I Sovu ku buryo busanzwe ari abashyitsi bahamara iminsi akenshi itarenga icyumweru, abenshi bari muri za mission, abandi baje kuruhuka cyangwa gusenga. 

Aho intambara yuburiye igatera igihugu cyose, hari abandi bagiye baza ku buryo butunguranye, bakaba bose bigundiriza kuba hano kandi nta buryo na bukeya dufite bwo kubatunga dans l’illegalite. Nkaba maze iminsi narabasabye ko ubutegetsi bwa Komini bwaza bukabaha itegeko ryo gusubira iwabo, cyangwa ahandi bashaka kuba, kuko hano muri Monastere nta buryo na bukeya tugifite. 

NDABASABA NKOMEJE BWANA Burugumesitiri ko mwadufasha ntibirenze tariki ya 6/5/1994 ibyo bitarangiye, kugira ngo imirimo Monasiteri isanzwe ikora iyikomeze nta mitima ihagaze. Tubaragije Imana mu masengesho.

Umukuru w’urugo. Soeur Gertrude Consolata MUKANGAGO (umukono)”.

Ku itariki 6 Gicurasi 1994, Burugumesitiri RUREMESHA yazanye n’abapolisi n’Interahamwe bica izo mpunzi z’Abatutsi, zikaba ari nazo za nyuma zari zisigaye kuri Monastere y’ I Sovu. Ni ukuvuga ko zishwe ku munsi Soeur Gertrude yari yasabye Burugumesitiri RUREMESHA ko yabamukiza kugira ngo Monastere yikomereze imirimo yayo. 

Urubanza rwa Sr Gertrude rwabereye mu Bubiligi muri 2001 rwagaragaje ko Soeur Gertrude ubwe ariwe wagendaga yereka Interahamwe ibyumba abatutsi bari bihishemo muri Monastere. 

Mu Batutsi biciwe I Sovu, harimo imiryango myinshi y’abaha ari nabo bari biganje hafi ya Monastere. Aba bose barimburanywe n’imiryango yabo kandi abatari bake bari abakozi ba Monastere y’I Sovu imyaka myinshi. 

Bamwe mu bicanyi bafatanyije n’aba babikira mu bwicanyi bw’I Sovu barimo:

Adjudant Emmanuel Rekeraho, Joseph Habyarimana wahungiye mu Bufransa, Gaspard Rusanganwa alias Nyiramatwi, Innocent Nyundo, Pierre Rushyana, Jean Maniraho, Etienne Rugombyumugabo, Theoneste Kagina, Joseph Bizimana wari burigadiye wa Komini Huye, umukuru wabo ku rwego rwo hejuru akaba Burugumesitiri Jonathan Ruremesha.

Sr Gertrude yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka 15 mu Bubiligi naho Sr Kizito akatirwa igifungo cy’imyaka 12. Aba babikira bombi ubu barafunguwe bakaba baba muri Monastere ya Maredret mu Bubiligi. 

3. Nyuma yo gufungurwa, Soeur Gertrude yatangije ibikorwa byo kwibasira abacitse ku icumu rya Jenoside batanze ubuhamya mu rubanza rwe

Nyuma y’aho afunguriwe, Soeur Gertrude yasubiye muri Monastere y’ababikira b’ababenedigitini ahitwa Mardret, hafi y’Umujyi wa Namur, mu Bubiligi. Mu mwaka wa 2018 abifashijwemo n’umunyamakuru w’Umufransa witwa Jerome Castaldi, Sr Gertrude yanditse igitabo (Rwanda 1994. La parole de Soeur Gertrude) gipfobya amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, kinenga imikorere y’ubutabera kandi kibasira cyane abacitse ku icumu rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bagaragaje uruhare rwe muri Jenoside i Sovu, harimo n’ababikira bagenzi be bagize ubutwari bwi kumushinja.

Iyi myitwarire idakwiye ya Sr Gertrude yaranenzwe cyane kugeza no muri bagenzi be. Umwe muri bo, Kayitesi Bernadette, wabanye na Sr Gertrude muri Monastere i Sovu, amaze gusoma icyo gitabo, yanditse ubuhamya agaragaza ko ukuri kw’amateka ya Jenoside muri rusange, n’uruhare rwa Sr Gertrude mu iyicwa ry’Abatutsi i Sovu by’umwihariko, kudakwiye gusibanganywa.

Bimwe mu bikubiye mu bahamya bwanditswe na Kayitesi Bernadette ku wa 0/12/2019 ni ibi:

“Soeur Gertrude, 

Reka ngire icyo nkubwira ku byerekeranye n’igitabo wanditse. Birababaje cyane ko nyuma yo gufungwa hafi imyaka 7 wasohotse muri gereza ntacyo uhindutseho. Ubundi baravuga ngo “Gira neza wigendere ineza uzayisanga imbere”. Reka kubeshya Imana n’abantu, reka kubeshya isi. Dusubize amaso inyuma turebe ibyabereye I Sovu. Impunzi zatangiye kuhagera tariki ya 17/04/1994, ibuka ko Laurient Ntezimana yazanye imifuka y’imiceri yo gufasha impunzi wowe ugahitamo kuyifungirana impunzi zikicwa n’inzara; ibuka kandi imvura yaguye tariki ya 20/04/1994 ukanga gukingura ngo impunzi zugame. Sr Schola yashatse imfunguzo arafungura ngo bugame urangije uramutonganya; Sr Mechtilde yararize cyane aravuga ngo ibyo dukora Imana izabitubaza, nibyo rero wabajijwe mu Rukiko 2001. Ese ko wiyita umwere, essence yatwitse abantu muri centre de santé yaturutse he? Abadamu bo mu Mudugudu bavugiye mu Rukiko ko ari wowe wazanye iyo essence, Sr Kizito agacana ikibiriti mugatwika abantu b’inzirakarengane, interahamwe bagakoma amashyi ngo bashiki bacu baratugobotse. 

Ongera wibuke induru n’umuborogo byavugiwe I SOVU, amasasu, grenade bisimburana umuntu yifuza uwamurasa akamubura abantu batemaguzwa amashoka n’imipanga; wowe wigeze na rimwe ubaza communaute ngo dukore iki? Mu gitondo tariki ya 23/04/1994, waravuze ngo duhunge kandi ngo ntihagire ukuramo indangamuntu ngo ayerekane, dusohotse tugeze kuri bariyeri ni wowe wakuyemo indangamuntu uyereka interahamwe ariko Imana yakinze ukuboko ntihagira undi babaza indangamuntu ; turakomeza turagenda tugeze I Ngoma nyuma y’iminsi 2 dushaka gutaha, uribuka ukuntu wavuganye n’abasirikare hagashira amasaha abiri (2), buri wese byamuteye ubwoba. 

Ibuka tugarutse i Sovu tariki ya 25/04/1994, REKERAHO wari chef w’interahamwe akadukoresha inama muri salle ya Hotellerie. Dore amagambo yavuze: Aba bantu babahungiyeho mubahishe muri plafond cyangwa muri kave kuko nta muntu w’i Sovu ubambaza kandi ntabwo aribo bazagarura ingoma ntutsi. Amaze kuvuga ayo magambo yongeraho ati: Ikizabibemeza ni uko ntazagaruka kubareba. Kuki mu gitabo cyawe utabyanditse ngo usobanure uko byagenze? 

Muri iryo joro ku itariki ya 25/04/1994, warambwiye uti: Bwira basaza bawe basohoke bajye mu mirambo bajye kuryamamo, imodoka iza gutwara imirambo izabanaga mu cyobo hanyuma bazasohokamo bagende. Ese koko ayo ni amagambo y’umuntu wubaha Imana? Ubwo buzima twakomeje kububamo 3 kugeza tariki ya 06/05/1994. 

Mu gitondo tumaze gusenga wavuze amagambo mabi uti: Ababikira bafite abantu babo babahungiyeho ndabasaba kubasohora ku neza, batabikora tukabasohora ku mbaraga za Leta. Nibyo wakoze rero abantu bagera kuri 25 urabasohora ngo bicwe. Ndibuka basaza banjye babiri uwitwa GATETE Deo na Placide Seth. Ndibuka papa wa Sr Fortunata na mama we hamwe na murumuna we. Ndibuka papa wa Regine na mama we. Ndibuka Chantal n’umwana we Chrispin. Ndibuka Aima Marie n’abana be bane. Ndibuka Candari murumuna wa Sœur Therese MUKARUBIBI. Ndibuka papa wa Sr Bernadetse NYIRANDAMUTSA na musaza we na murumuna we. Abo bose Imana ibahe iruhuko ridashira. Kuki amagambo wavugiye muri Eglise utayasubiyemo mu gitabo cyawe? 

Wanditse uvuga ko ugeze muri gereza warize cyane, none se twe twarize angana iki abantu bacu babasohora bagiye kubica? I Sovu twagize ababikira babi cyane barimo Sr Gerturde na Sr Kizito, ariko kandi twagize n’ababikira beza cyane babazwaga n’ibyo abo babiri bakoraga. Urugero Sr Liberatha ntabwo yari mu bicwaga ariko wabonaga ababaye cyane na Sr Merchtilde. Sr Liberatha yahishe abantu muri plafond akajya abaha amazi n’ibiryo noneho Sr Gertrude abimenye arabasohora baricwa. 

Ndibuka Sr Ermelinda yari umubikira mwiza yarasengaga cyane kandi Imana yamwerekaga ibizaba mbere ku buryo Musenyeri yari yaramuhaye uruhushya rwo gutunga Saint Sacrement [isakramentu ritagatifu] muri chambre ye. 

Ibuka inzira twanyuzemo duhunga tugeze muri Centre Africa wanditse article ivuga iti « Apres les machettes le Ciel sera bon ». ibyo wanditsemo narabisomye, ni ibinyoma gusa waravuze uti: Twaricaye n’ababikira tuganira ku byabaye dusabana imbabazi turahoberana ubu tubanye neza,. Ese koko ibyo byarabaye? Niba byarabaye byabereye he? Iyo biba kandi ntabwo twari kugana inkiko zo muri Belgique. 

Twarakomeje turahunga tugera Maredret Monastere yashinze SOVU. Ntiwigeze ureka turuhuka, ahubwo wahisemo gutatanya ababikira ubashyira muri za Monastere zitandukanye, kugira ngo usibanganye ibimenyetso, ngo ibyo wakoze na Sr KIZITO bitazamenyekana. Ariko ntabwo Imana yabyemeye, umaze kwikuraho ababikira bakuru bose usigaranye n’abana bato nibwo wabandikishije ngo bavuge ibyiza wakoze muri Genocide ufashijwe na Mere Aloys umudagekazi, mwandikaga ibyo mushaka mubijyana mu Rukiko muri Belgique. Ibyo mwandikishije ababikira bato na Mere Aloys nibyo byaje kugukoraho mu Rukiko rwabaye muri 2001. 

Uribuka umucamanza akubaza icyo wari ugamije wandika ibyiza wakoze ko nta muntu wari wabikubajije, wabuze icyo usubiza. Ndibuka Sr Domitilla bamubaza ibyo yasinyiye niba koko ariwe wabyanditse, yasubije agira ati: Nababwiye mu Kinyarwanda ubwo bongeragamo ibyo bashaka bakaduha tugasinya. Mere Aloys niwe wandikaga afatanyije na Sr Gertrude, none se ko uvuga ko uri umwere ibyo byose wabijyagamo ushaka iki? 

Icya kabiri: Ababikira bataha mu Rwanda ugasigarana na Sr Kizito mwenyine kuki mutatashye kandi uvuga ngo ntacyo wishinja? Sr Domitilla ubuhamya yatanze yavugishije ukuri kandi yashoboraga no kwirukanwa kuko yari akiri mu babikira bato. 

Tukiri mu Rukiko rero ndibuka ubuhamya bwa Sr Solange avuga umwana waguhungiyeho akihisha muri coule [=umwenda w’ababikira] wari wambaye wa move ukamujugunyira interahamwe uwo mwana waguhungiyeho twese turamwibuka ariko uyu mubikira Sr Solange niwe wabisobanuye neza mu Rukiko. 

Uribuka nsaba gutaha mukambwira ko bidashoboka kandi ko Guverinoma iriho itazemerwa? Yaremewe rero uwakugeza mu Rwanda ngo urebe aho Perezida wacu agejeje Igihugu. Ubu arahabwa imidari hirya no hino y’imiyoborere myiza, wowe uracyari mu bya mbere ya 1994 hamwe n’abaguhindura umwere, harimo Padiri LINGUYENEZA Venuste atigeze agera I Sovu muri Genocide arakugira umwere ashingiye kuki? 

Reka rero nkubwire ukuri, article wandikiye I Bangui muri Centre Africa (Apres les machettes le Ciel sera bon) hamwe no kugurisha Monasteri Kominote itabizi biri mu byatumye dufata umwanzuro wo gutaha mu Rwanda ngo tubohoze SOVU. Sr Schola na Marie Bernard twari muri conseil twaratowe na communaute twagombaga rero gutaha ngo dushyire ukuri ahagaragara kuko guca mu ziko ntigushye. 

Igihe twasabaga gutaha mwanze kwishyura itike y’indege, ariko mwibagirwa ko Imana ishobora guca inzira aho zitari. Tumaze gutaha tugeze kwa Musenyeri [Gahamanyi], twasanze fax wanditse umusaba ngo ntatwakire, nawe arasubiza ati: Umubikira usaba Musenyeri gukora ubugome mu rugo rwe ni muntu ki? Ese ubundi wari uziko twatashye tutaravuganye nawe? Twari dufite n’urwandiko rutwemerera ko azaducumbikira kandi akadufasha kubohoza Sovu. Koko rero yarabikoze afatanyije na Musenyeri Mubirigi Felecien. Turabashimira ibyo badukoreye byose kandi Imana ibahe iruhuko ridashira. 

Tukiri kwa Musenyeri [Gahamanyi] nibwo Imana yatweretse ikimenyetso gikomeye tubona ibaruwa yawe wanditse utanga abantu bacu ngo bicwe hari mu mwaka wa 1996 mu kwezi kwa mbere. Iyo baruwa yawe yabaye ikimenyetso simusiga ari nayo yayoboye urubanza rwawe muri Belgique muri 2001. Nyuma y’ibyo byose ugatinyuka kwiyita umwere! Ntuzibagirwe na rimwe ko igihe Schola na Marie Bernard bashakaga kubohoza Sovu wowe washakaga kuyisenya burundu ngo uyimurire Marone muri Belgique. Ababikira b’I Sovu babaye intwari banga kugumana nawe bahitamo gusubira mu Rwababyaye. 

Bimaze kubakomerera mwohereje Pere Comblin ngo adukure ku izima tureke kuvuga ukuri; ntabwo rero byari gushoboka kuko tutari guceceka hejuru y’amaraso y’abacu. Dore uko naganiriye na Père Comblin: Mugomba gukora uko mushoboye Sr Gertrude ntafungwe, kuko byaba ari scandale kuri kiriziya. Nanjye ndamusubiza nti: Ese abapfuye mubavugaho iki ko mubabazwa n’umuntu ushobora gufungwa ko mutigeze mwamagana Genocide yakorewe abatutsi? Nibura mubigaragaze no mu nyandiko? Nawe rero arasubiza ngo ariko sitwe twabishe. Nanjye ndamusubiza nti: Yego simwe ariko nabo baremwe mu ishusho y’Imana kandi nta scandale irenze gutemera abakristu mu kiriziya cyangwa kuyibasenyera hejuru. Uwo mupadiri twatandukanye tudashoboye kumvikana na gato. 

Reka ndangize nshimira ababikira b’I Sovu ko batashatse kubakira communaute yabo ku kinyoma. Ndi umuhamya wo kubivuga kuko bose nakurikiye ibyo batangarije Urukiko.

 Ndangije nshimira buri wese wagize uruhare ruto cyangwa runini kugirango SOVU isubirane ubuzima. Ndashimira Madame Nowork ibyiza yadukoreye Imana izabumukubire karindwi. Ndashimira cyane Musenyeri Gahamanyi waducumbikiye umwaka wose, Imana imwakire mu bayo. 

Ndashimira cyane Umukuru w’Igihugu, Nyakubahwa Paul KAGAME, n’abo bafatanyije bose kubohora Igihugu kuko iyo batitanga nta muntu wari kurokoka Imana ikomeze imugende imbere mubyo akora byose.”

Bikorewe I Kigali kuwa 05/12/2019 

KAYITESI Bernadette (Umukono).

UMWANZURO

Iyicwa ry’abatutsi ryakozwe ku itariki ya 5 Gicurasi rirerekana cyane cyane uruhare rwa Leta mu mugambi wa Jenoside no gukoresha itangazamakuru mu bukangurambaga bwo kwica Abatutsi. Jenoside yakorewe I Sovu, igizwemo uruhare na bamwe mu babikira, barimo umuyobozi w’ikigo, iragaragaza ko inzego zose zagize uruhare muri Jenoside. 

Kuba Sr Gertrude wahamijwe uruhare rwe muri Jenoside, agakora igihano cye agafungurwa, ariko agakomeza umugambi wo gutsimbarara ku cyaha no gusebya abacitse ku icumu rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, harimo ababikira bagenzi be biciwe imiryango mu maso yabo, hakicwa n’abatutsi bose bari babahungiyeho, birerekana uburemere bw’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside ikiri mu mitima ya bamwe. Biragaragaza ko ingamba zo kwigisha urubyiruko amateka nyayo yaranze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi zigomba gukomeza kugira ngo ukuri kubafashe kubaka u Rwanda rw’ejo. Ni isomo buri Munyarwanda yari akwiye kuvana muri ibi bihe byo Kwibuka ku nshuro ya 26 Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Gushyigikira abakoze Jenoside bafashwa gupfobya no guhakana uruhare rwabo muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu buryo ubwo aribwo bwose ni igikorwa cy’ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside kigayitse kandi gihanwa n’amategeko.

 

 

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